There are currently three so-called Phase 1 trials underway worldwide which are currently being analysed, and so-called Phase 2 trials will commence within 1–2 years following this, along with a further three to four new Phase 1 trials. Each study takes around three years to complete, and only once the Phase 2 studies have been finalised can the treatments – if all goes well – be approved and made widely available. Therefore, the earliest this could happen is in four years’ time, assuming everything goes entirely according to plan./Håkan Widner