Dystonia is sometimes a tricky phenomenon, as it can occur both in the ‘off’ state (Parkinson’s state) and in the ‘on’ state (when the medication is working), and quite often somewhere in between these two states. Usually, the dystonia disappears when hyperkinesia sets in, and in that case it’s not a matter of ‘too much being counterproductive’ – but you can still experience elements of dystonia even whilst experiencing hyperkinesia. From your description, it sounds as though the dystonia subsides when you reach the peak effect of your Stalevo after 1–2 hours, but it may well be that the dystonia occurs somewhere between the ‘off’ and ‘on’ states. You could try treating the dystonic muscles with botulinum toxin, but otherwise DBS or a pump may be an option if your symptoms fluctuate throughout the day. /Dag Nyholm